Gabatarwa
Tare da saurin haɓaka aikin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu da kayan aiki masu wayo, aikin ƙananan maɓallan a matsayin manyan abubuwan sarrafa daidaito ya dogara sosai akan ƙira da zaɓin maɓallan kunnawa. Maɓallin kunnawa, wanda aka sani da "mai watsa motsi", yana shafar kai tsaye yanayin amsawa, rayuwa da daidaitawar yanayi na maɓallin. Wannan labarin zai haɗa sabbin yanayin masana'antu don nazarin nau'ikan maɓallan kunnawa na yau da kullun da dabarun zaɓin kimiyya don samar da jagora mai amfani ga injiniyoyi da masu yanke shawara na siye.
Nau'in lever mai kunnawa
Ana iya raba babban lever na actuator na yau zuwa nau'i shida don biyan buƙatun dukkan yanayi, tun daga masana'antu har zuwa kayan lantarki na masu amfani:
1. Maɓallin maɓallin fil na asali: Wannan nau'in ƙaramin maɓalli yana amfani da ƙirar gajeriyar hanya madaidaiciya, yana da daidaito sosai, kuma ya dace da duk nau'ikan kayan aikin gwaji na daidaito. Misali, matsayi na wafer na semiconductor.
2.Maɓallin Na'urar Naɗa Hinge na asali: Wannan nau'in ƙaramin makulli yana da ƙwallon bakin ƙarfe a ƙarshen gaba kuma yana da ƙarancin ma'aunin gogayya. Ya dace da tsarin kyamarar mai sauri, kamar kunna nan take a cikin layukan rarraba kayayyaki.
3. Maɓallin juyawa na asali na Rotary vane: Wannan nau'in maɓallin ƙaramin yana ɗaukar tsari mai sauƙi kuma an tsara shi don raba takarda da kayan aikin kuɗi.
4. Canjin asali na ganye mai siffar R: Wannan nau'in ƙaramin makulli yana rage farashi ta hanyar maye gurbin ƙwallon da ruwan wuka mai lanƙwasa, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama zaɓi mafi kyau ga na'urorin sarrafa ƙofofin na'urori, kamar makullan aminci na tanda na microwave.
5. Cantileverbasic switch da kuma kwance sliding basic switch: Wannan nau'in micro switch yana inganta juriya ga ƙarfin gefe kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin na'urorin lantarki na motoci, kamar tsarin hana ƙwanƙwasa tagogi.
6.Babban maɓallin lefa mai tsayi: Wannan nau'in microswitch yana da babban bugun jini kuma ya dace da manyan yanayi na gano ƙaura kamar ƙofofin aminci na lif.
Idan aka ɗauki manyan kamfanoni a matsayin misali, maɓallin Omron na D2HW jerin hinge roller lever na asali yana da kaso na kasuwa sama da kashi 40% a fannin robots na masana'antu; An yi amfani da sandar tuƙi mai jure zafi mai yawa bisa yumbu (mai jure zafi har zuwa 400 ° C) wanda Dongnan Electronics, wani kamfanin China ya ƙaddamar, a tsarin sarrafa batirin sabbin motocin makamashi a cikin rukuni-rukuni.
Hanyar zaɓi
1. Daidaita sigogin aiki: buƙatar daidaita ƙarfin aiki (0.3-2.0N), kafin tafiya (0.5-5mm) da kuma fiye da tafiya (20%-50%). Misali, canjin iyaka na hannun injina na masana'antu yana buƙatar zaɓar nau'in lever mai juyawa tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki (0.5-1.5N) da kuma wucewar ≥3mm don kiyaye girgizar injin da girgiza.
2. Daidaita muhalli: yanayin zafi mai yawa (>150℃) yana buƙatar rufin yumbu ko rufin da ke jure tsatsa; Kayan aikin waje dole ne su cika matakin kariya sama da IP67, kamar sabon makullin caji na makamashi.
3. Ƙarfin ɗaukar wutar lantarki: yanayin ƙaramin wutar lantarki (≤1mA) zai fi dacewa a haɗa shi da zinare mai liƙa mai kunna fil; Babban nauyin wutar lantarki (10A+) yana buƙatar haɗin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe mai tsarin liƙa mai ƙarfi.
4. Rayuwa da tattalin arziki: Yanayin masana'antu suna buƙatar rayuwar injina ≥ sau miliyan 5 (kamar jerin Omron D2F), na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani za su iya karɓar sau miliyan 1 (rage farashi na 20%).
5. Iyakantaccen sarari na shigarwa: an matse tsayin lever mai kunna na'urar mai wayo da aka saka zuwa ƙasa da 2mm. Misali, agogon Huawei suna amfani da nau'in cantilever mai sirara na TONELUCK.
Yanayin masana'antu
A ƙarƙashin haɓaka dabarun "ƙera kayayyaki masu wayo na China", kamfanonin ƙananan maɓallan cikin gida sun hanzarta haɓaka. Lever na'urar kunna kayan aiki ta jerin Kailh GM da Kaihua Technology ta ƙaddamar a shekarar 2023 ya ƙara tsawon rayuwarsa zuwa sau miliyan 8 ta hanyar fasahar Nano-coating, kuma farashin ya kai kashi 60% kawai na kayayyakin da aka shigo da su, wanda cikin sauri ya mamaye kasuwar kayan lantarki ta 3C. A lokaci guda, mai kunna kayan aiki mai wayo tare da guntu mai auna matsin lamba wanda Honeywell ya ƙirƙira, wanda zai iya ba da ra'ayi na ainihin lokaci kan ƙarfin aiki, kuma an yi amfani da shi ga tsarin haptic na ɗan adam. A cewar Rahoton Masana'antar Ƙananan Maɓallan Duniya na 2023, girman kasuwa na lever na'urar ya kai yuan biliyan 1.87, wanda ake sa ran zai wuce yuan biliyan 2.5 a shekarar 2025, kuma yanzu motoci masu wayo da kayan aikin likita sun zama injin haɓaka.
Kammalawa
Tun daga masana'antar gargajiya zuwa zamanin hankali, juyin halittar ƙaramin maɓalli mai kunna na'ura mai canza wutar lantarki tarihi ne na kirkire-kirkire na fasaha "tare da ƙaramin faɗaɗawa". Tare da fashewar sabbin kayayyaki, hankali da buƙatun keɓancewa, wannan ƙaramin ɓangaren zai ci gaba da tura masana'antar masana'antu ta duniya zuwa ga babban daidaito da aminci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-01-2025
