Gabatarwa
A matsayin babban ɓangaren sarrafa da'irar daidaitacce, gibin hulɗa muhimmin ma'auni ne wajen tantance aikin ƙaramin makulli, wanda ke shafar kai tsaye ga hankali, tsawon rai da kuma daidaitawar muhalli. Tare da ƙaruwar buƙatar rage girman abu da kuma babban aminci a cikin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, ƙira da aikace-aikacen gibin hulɗa ya zama abin da gasar fasaha ke mayar da hankali a kai a masana'antar. Wannan labarin zai haɗa ƙa'idodin masana'antu da shari'o'in kirkire-kirkire don nazarin halayen fasaha da dabarun aikace-aikacen gibin hulɗa.
Nau'ikan Farati da Halayen Tuntuɓa
Tazarar hulɗar ƙananan maɓallan yawanci ana raba ta zuwa rukuni huɗu, wanda ya ƙunshi dukkan yanayi daga daidaito mai girma zuwa juriya mai girma, kuma nau'ikan guda huɗu sune aji 0.25mm, aji 0.5mm, aji 1.0mm, da aji 1.8mm, bi da bi. Jin zafi da juriyar girgiza na ƙananan maɓallan suna da alaƙa mara kyau da sautin hulɗa; sautin hulɗa na 0.25mm yana da ƙirar ƙaramin maɓallan da babban jin zafi (ƙarfin aiki ≤ 0.1N), amma juriyar girgiza da girgizarsa ba ta da ƙarfi. Yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin kayan aikin likita (kamar maɓallan kayan aikin tiyata), kunna firikwensin daidai, da sauransu, suna buƙatar sarrafa yanayin wutan lantarki (≤ 0.1A) sosai don rage asarar hulɗa. Matsayin hulɗa na matakin 0.55mm shine mizani na gama gari a masana'antar don daidaita yanayin zafi da juriya, kuma rayuwar injina na iya kaiwa fiye da sau miliyan 5. Yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani (maɓallan linzamin kwamfuta), sarrafa kayan aikin gida (maɓallan ƙofofin tanda na microwave) da sauran yanayi na yanzu mai ƙasa zuwa matsakaici. Tazarar hulɗa ta 1.0mm tana ƙarfafa juriyar girgiza (juriyar girgiza ≥ 50G) kuma tana tallafawa karyewar kwararar ruwa sama da 10A, amma tare da saurin amsawa kaɗan a hankali. Yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin makullan iyaka na injunan masana'antu, sabbin kariyar dakatarwar gaggawa ta caji ta abubuwan hawa masu amfani da makamashi, da sauransu. Fitilar hulɗa ta 1.8mm tana da babban ƙirar fitilar, juriyar baka ta ƙaru da kashi 50%, wanda ya dace da yanayin yawan lodi da ake kashewa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin masu karya da'irar tsarin wutar lantarki, injina masu nauyi (gano iyakar crane) da sauran wurare masu tsauri.
Kalubalen Fasaha da Umarni Masu Kyau
Duk da cewa rage girman lamba zai iya inganta jin daɗi, yana fuskantar manyan ƙalubale guda biyu: 1. Zaizayar baka: A cikin yanayi mai yawan gaske, ƙaramin girman yana da saurin kamuwa da iskar oxygen na hulɗa saboda zaizayar baka, wanda ke rage tsawon lokacin hulɗar. Maganin ya haɗa da lambobin da ke haɗa azurfa da nickel da ƙirar katsewar yumbu, wanda zai iya tsawaita tsawon lokacin wutar lantarki zuwa fiye da sau 500,000. 2. Juriyar muhalli: girgiza da girgiza suna da saurin haifar da karya. Masana'antun sun inganta ƙarfin spring na reed preload (misali, jerin Honeywell V15) da tsarin damping don inganta juriyar girgiza na maɓallan pitch 1.0mm da 40%.
Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu
Haɓakawa ta Hankali: Ƙananan maɓallan tare da na'urorin auna matsin lamba da aka haɗa (kamar na'urar fingertip ta Tesla Optimus) suna samun ikon daidaitawa ta hanyar daidaita sautin ta hanyar sa ido kan yanayin hulɗa a ainihin lokaci.
Masana'antar kore: EU RoHS 3.0 tana haɓaka yaɗuwar kayan hulɗa marasa cadmium, kuma maɓallan pitch 0.5mm suna kan gaba wajen ɗaukar ƙarfe na azurfa mai lafiya ga muhalli, la'akari da aiki da bin ƙa'idodi.
Kammalawa
Daga daidaiton millimeter na kayan aikin likita zuwa fam dubu na masana'antu masu nauyi, ci gaban fasaha na ƙirar makullin makulli yana nuna babban burin masana'antar masana'antu na daidaito da aminci. A nan gaba, tare da haɗakar kimiyyar kayan aiki da algorithms masu hankali, wannan "siffar microscopic" za ta ci gaba da ƙarfafa haɓaka sarkar masana'antu ta duniya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-08-2025
